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quaderno/Inglese/Revolutions.md
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3.1 KiB
Raw Blame History

Industrial Revolution

  • Middle Class with a lot of money
    • Landowners (from enclosures)
    • Rich merchants
  • Political stability
    • crown
    • government
  • Colonies
    • Raw materials
    • Trade
  • Coal
    • Tech innovations
      • steam engine
      • spinning jenny
  • Unemployment
    • Cheap labor
      • kids
        • they were cheap
        • they were small
        • mostly in England
      • slaves
        • they were cheaper
        • mostly in the colonies
      • no rights
        • no retirement pensions
        • no sick pay
        • no safety

French Revolution

Beautiful vs Sublime

  1. Beautiful
    1. proportions
    2. regularity
    3. fair colors (colori chiari)
    4. control
    5. smoothness
    6. flowers
    7. sunny days
    8. pleasures
  2. Sublime
    1. quality of art
    2. pain
    3. danger
    4. astonishment
    5. horror
    6. pleasure
    7. terror
    8. admiration
    9. reverence
    10. respect
    11. greatness of size
    12. infinite
    13. obscurity
    14. difficulty
    15. rough
    16. rigged
    17. dark
    18. horrible beauty

Romanticism

  • loss of rationality
  • emotions
    • love
  • introspection
  • Sturm und Drang (German romanticism)
  • sublime
  • new idea of beauty
  • vulnerability
  • pessimism
  • tragic
  • reason vs sensibility, ideal vs reality
  • revolutionary
  • controversial
    • conflict
      • inner
      • social

I generation

The major exponents are Wordsworth & Coleridge. Wordsworth wrote down a manifesto of how to write new poems.

II generation

The major exponents are Byron, Shelley and Keats. They wanted different societies with different rules, so they escaped from the place they were, and also from time, setting their works in the past. They wanted to live in a more natural and genuine way, so they were basically hippy.

Themes

Subjectivity, irrationality was the focus, as a reaction to enlightenment.

  • Imagination to voice one's emotion
  • Pantheistic Nature (Nature's god and I'm nature)
  • Individualism (noble savage)
  • Childhood's purity, with impulsive and natural behavior
  • Outcast, the Byronic Hero
  • Exotic, in the past in faraway lands

The Nature

  • people

  • woods

  • mountains

    • fresh air

  • water

    • seas
    • oceans
    • rivers

  • animals

  • birds

  • desert

  • caves & mines

  • landscape

  • pure

  • belonging

  • sublime

  • freedom

  • infinity

  • savage / primitive environment

    • hardness
    • pityless

  • silence

  • chill

  • introspection

  • powerlessness

  • no moral rules

    • no good or evil

Text page 286

  • Pantheism
    • reversed personification
  • enjambement (1-2)
    • replicate breathtaking
  • parallelism between different stages of life
    • childhood
    • adulthood
    • old age
  • paradox "the Child is father of the Man"
    • Child: capsize C for all the children in the world
    • Man: capsize M for all the fathers in the world
  • Nature gives meaning
  • Simple language
  • Ordinary subject
  • Poet -> ordinary, common person
  • Addressee -> anyone

Daffodils (page 284-285)

  1. 7-8-9: micro-macrocosm (stars-daffodils)
  2. 16: contrast: jocund company vs lonely (1)
  3. 17: fissavo e fissavo, poets are ordinary people but with more developed perceptions
  4. change 1-2-3 stanzas -> 4 stanza, a shift of setting (nature vs home), of time (past vs present)

The poetry is a recreation of emotions for the poet's future self and the readers.